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Contradiction
al-tanāquḍ
التَّنَاقُض
Contradiction (tanāquḍ) is when two propositions differ in affirmation and negation such that, by themselves, one must be true and the other false.
Draft · awaiting reviewExplanation
For quantified propositions they must also differ in quantity: the contradictory of a universal affirmative is a particular negative, and of a universal negative a particular affirmative.
Also written as: tanaqud, tanaqudh, contradictory propositions.
Examples
- “Every human is an animal” and “Not every human is an animal”
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